Annotated Bibliography
This study intends to help the reader understand the serious implications of cyberbullying and the steps that should be taken to quell these problems entirely.
Akbaba, S., Peker, A., Eroğlu, Y., & Yaman, E. (2015). Cross-gender equivalence of cyberbullying and victimization. Participatory Educational Research (PER), 2 (2), 59-69.
The article carries analytical research study using the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory (RCBI). It is a study that assesses the mean difference between two or more independent groups. The authors of this article are accredited to undertake this survey due to the significant accomplishments in their fields of study. Akbaba, for instance, is in the psychology department Uskudar University in Istanbul. On the other hand, Peker and Eroglu are in guidance and counseling at Erzurum and Bayburt consecutively. Also, Yaman is accredited with Educational Science from the University of Sakarya.
The authors of this article mainly intended to survey the equivalence of cyber harassment and victimization across genders. The study has consistently weighed a comparison of its validity between boys and girls. Moreover, during their study, they tackled different perspectives on both issues, their meanings, similar histories, the various forms they take, and the impacts of cyber bullying and victimization. However, this survey only involved the study of a few teenagers without consideration that cyber bullying is a global menace. A variety of teens would have been used to record more accurate findings. Because, the RCBI is the primary overall measure of invariance across genders technique.
Dilmac, B. (2009). Psychological Needs as a Predictor of Cyber Bullying: A Preliminary Report on College Students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 9(3), 1307-1325.
The article outlines the relationship between cyberbullying and the psychological effect. The study has also covered the demographics of social media harassment, its engagement practices, and how teenagers have become exposed to the occurrences. The Turkish author Bulent Dilmac is a Ph.D. holder in Psychology from Selcuk University. Therefore, this article is attributed to an accredited researcher in the psychology of human beings.
The article confirms that the increased reliance on technology by teenagers is one of the major contributing factors of social media bullying. The article has compiled extensive data which analyzes the aggressive growth in cyberbullying over the years. In fact, every year has recorded a rising number of these cases. Moreover, the author has attempted to compare and contrast traditional bullying and cyberbullying. In addition, the article provides a clear outline of the psychological characteristics of both the bullies and their victims. Nevertheless, this research has had limitations due to the social and economic abilities of the participants. Therefore, it is recommendable that a replication and comparative formula should be used in undertaking this kind of research.
Keith, S., & Martin, M. E. (2005). Cyber-bullying: Creating a culture of respect in a cyber world. Reclaiming children and youth, 13(4), 224-228.
This article intends to educate parents on the challenges facing children on social media, especially on the rise of the cyber bullying. The information provides an essential guideline for parents and schools, which can be used for monitoring the Internet usage by children. It also endeavors towards promoting understanding and having a sense of responsibility for the internet users.
First these authors have outlined the early form of bullying in schools that has graduated to harassment through technology today. More so, a clear outline of cyberbullying has been laid out with relevant examples. Whatsoever the inadequacy of supervision while accessing the internet has been evaluated. A credible survey on affected children across America has also been used to support this endeavor.
The authors of this article are both Global Professional Instructors. Keith is a qualified interpreter at various public schools and works with emotionally disturbed adults and children. Martin is also an educator who has counseled international students in Boston. Therefore, with this great qualification in their field of study, their research is a credible reference for this study. Notably, this article does not satisfactorily outline the best ways of promoting respect in the cyberspace.
Lavanya, R., & Prasad, K. G. (2014). A Study on the Prevalence of Cyber Bullying in Chennai. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 22(5), 661-672.
This article outlines the technological problems in the Middle East today, with a survey being conducted on youths in Chennai. The authors intended to outline the behaviors that make the youths an easy bullying target, especially in the social media. Lavanya and Prasad have the qualifications needed to carry out this research. Lavanya is a certified computer guru in electronic media and informatics, currently working as a lecturer at Anna University in Chennai. Therefore, she has witnessed the evolution in the digital platforms while working with her students. This interaction has enhanced her knowledge on a profound awareness of the issues concerning bullying. On the other hand, Prasad is a qualified Psychiatric doctor at Crozer-Chester Medical Center in New York. Dr. Prasad has often treated teenagers suffering from bullying related cases in her medical field. Under those premises, the research has the required output from well-endorsed practitioners.
Essentially, the article explains the meanings of traditional and modern bullying modes. In their research, Prasad and Lavanya have also evaluated teenagers’ social aspect, making them easy targets of bullying. In addition, they have outlined the detrimental effects on children due to these recurrent cases. Nevertheless, some of the behavioral factors in this article are not relevant enough to expose many children to bullying.
Mura, G., Topcu, C., Erdur-Baker, O., & Diamantini, D. (2011). An international study of cyberbullying perception and diffusion among adolescents. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3805-3809.
The article aimed to determine the nature, severity, and cyberbullying experiences and how they differ between turkey and Italian teenagers. This cross-cultural research is one way of understanding the differences and similarities attached to online harassment and how to prevent them. It is with the consideration that teenagers have become frequent social media users, a situation that make them experience both cyber bullying and victimization. The authors from Turkey, Diamantini and Topcu, are accredited Educational Science graduates from Ankara, Turkey. Consequently, Mura and Erdur-Baker are both from the University of Milano, Italy, with degrees in social education. Thus, their knowledge makes their study a significant reference in this research.
These authors commence with an outline of the safety felt by teenagers during interactions that take place in the social media. They indicate that digital literacy and accessibility are significant factors that encourage teenagers to fit into the lifestyles of their peers. However, there are consequences related to exposure to technology, such as the Cyberbullying. The authors explain that bullying prevails amongst different age groups, including high school and university students. In addition, they indicate that online bullying has become a persistent problem that is beyond control on a cultural background. However, the authors would have used a wider range of cross-gender studies, which would have outlined a clearer analysis of this problem.
O’Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families. Pediatrics, 127 (4), 800-804.
The authors highlight the impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families in the today’s evolved digital platform. These pediatricians mainly confirm the unrecorded issues facing children in every stage of their maturity. Also, they outline the roles of the families in the children’s developmental stages. The authors O’Keeffe and Clarke-Pearson are both confirmed clinical pediatrics. Pearson is from North Carolina and is an affiliated member of the North Carolina Hospital with an experience of 30 years. O’Keeffe, on the other hand, is the CEO of Pediatrics, a company geared towards assisting busy families acquires reliable information on a healthy child upbringing. Thus, there is the need to use their credible information during this research.
The authors of this article first applaud the great significance of technological evolution. They state that the digital platform has become a learning opportunity, mode of communication, and an entertainment tool. Consequently, they have evaluated the challenges facing social networking. In fact, they found that the online harassment topped the list, followed by “sexting” and influential advertisements. Facebook depression and privacy concerns in the evolving digital footprint are also challenges facing teenagers today.
Nevertheless, the role played by pediatricians in this aspect is quite shallow. Medical practitioners should devise better ways of uprooting the indignant technology menace by laying a stable foundation for families rather than assisting in making technology more compatible amongst family members.
Shariff, S., & Hoff, D. L. (2007). Cyber bullying: Clarifying legal boundaries for school supervision in cyberspace. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 1 (1), 76-118.
This article reviews the psychological cruelty connected to social media bullying and victimization. It also covers the policies required by the teachers, which will govern the obligations to supervise the online interactions. Digital monitoring guarantees the safety of students during learning, a situation that enhances the comfortable interaction of children in the social media. Shariff and Hoff are both professors from the McGill and Maine Universities consequently. The Shariff is in the integrated study department, while Hoff is in the Education Leadership. Integrated studies assist teachers and students in understanding the need to apply all information sources in certain studies, as well as the need for teachers to become better supervisors in the education systems of their students
The article outlines the cruelty social media bullying impacts teenagers, with girls being the most targeted victims. In fact, technology has acted as the platform for bullying because of the anonymity of the bully cyber bullying. Although the rule of law governs the current society, maintaining a civilized society has proven futile, especially on the digital platform. Thus, there is a need to focus on the responsibilities of schools and internet providers in fighting this menace. Nevertheless, the policies should not focus only on schools and internet providers, but should consider engaging the parents and students.
Xu, J. M., Jun, K. S., Zhu, X., & Bellmore, A. (2012, June). Learning from bullying traces in Social media. In Proceedings of the 2012 conference of the North American chapter of the association for computational linguistics: Human language technologies (pp. 656-666). Association for Computational Linguistics.
This article is a survey undertaken to analyze the bullying tradition that has evolved to online harassment. The authors have devised an evaluative essay on the forms and structures of social media harassment. The limitations of the problem of determining a bully from the traces left on the internet have also been covered. The authors are graduates of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Xu, Jun, and Zhu are specialists in computer sciences, while Bellmore is in the Educational Psychology Department. Interestingly, these fields are related to cyberbullying and their effects on young adults in schools today.
In their study, the authors of this article have clearly stated that cyberbullying has become a national health crisis amongst teenagers. Bullying has a defined structure that starts from lower school, middle classes, then later in colleges and universities. Moreover, students who are persistently facing harassment have an identifiable characteristic that makes it easy for their peers to use as a target. Also, bullies have a way of conquering over their victims, as witnessed from the traces identified on the internet after the predicament. However, these authors should consider integrating more aspects when dealing with bullying because it has become a multifaceted phenomenon requiring more knowledge and cyber techniques.
References
Akbaba, S., Peker, A., Eroğlu, Y., & Yaman, E. (2015). Cross-gender equivalence of cyber bullying and victimization. Participatory Educational Research (PER), 2(2), 59-69.
Dilmac, B. (2009). Psychological Needs as a Predictor of Cyber Bullying: A Preliminary Report on College Students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 9(3), 1307-1325.
Keith, S., & Martin, M. E. (2005). Cyber-bullying: Creating a culture of respect in a cyber world. Reclaiming children and youth, 13(4), 224-228.
Lavanya, R., & Prasad, K. G. (2014). A Study on the Prevalence of Cyber Bullying in Chennai. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 22(5), 661-672.
Mura, G., Topcu, C., Erdur-Baker, O., & Diamantini, D. (2011). An international study of cyberbullying perception and diffusion among adolescents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3805-3809.
O’Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families. Pediatrics, 127(4), 800-804.
Shariff, S., & Hoff, D. L. (2007). Cyber bullying: Clarifying legal boundaries for school supervision in cyberspace. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 1(1), 76-118
Xu, J. M., Jun, K. S., Zhu, X., & Bellmore, A. (2012, June). Learning from bullying traces in social media. In Proceedings of the 2012 conference of the North American chapter of
the association for computational linguistics: Human language technologies (pp. 656-666). Association for Computational Linguistics.
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